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The Android Developer Challenge is back! Submit your idea before December 2.
Android 9 (API level 28) introduces a number of changes to the Android system.The following behavior changes apply exclusively to apps that are targetingAPI level 28 or higher. Apps that set
targetSdkVersion
to API level 28 orhigher must modifytheir apps to support these behaviors properly, where applicable to the app.Feb 04, 2016 This feature is not available right now. Please try again later.
For changes that affect all apps running on Android 9, regardless of which APIlevel they target, seeBehavior changes: all apps.
Foreground services
Apps that target Android 9 or higher and use foreground services must requestthe
FOREGROUND_SERVICE
permission. This is a normal permission,so the system automatically grants it to the requesting app.If an app that targets Android 9 or higher attempts to create a foreground service withoutrequesting
FOREGROUND_SERVICE
,the system throws a SecurityException
.Privacy changes
- Note: There is a new version for this artifact. New Version: 4.3.5.1: Maven; Gradle; SBT; Ivy; Grape; Leiningen; Buildr.
- Feb 04, 2016 This feature is not available right now. Please try again later.
- You can find C: Program Files (x86) Android android-sdk platforms android-28 optional org.apache.http.legacy.jar. Include it in your Android project the same way as the Amazon stuff: Include it in your Android project the same way as the Amazon stuff.
Hike download new version 2017 free download for android pc. If your app targets Android 9, you should keep the followingbehavior changes in mind. These updates to device serial and DNS informationenhance user privacy.
Build serial number deprecation
In Android 9,
Build.SERIAL
isalways set to 'UNKNOWN'
to protect users' privacy.If your app needs to access a device's hardware serial number, you shouldinstead request the
READ_PHONE_STATE
permission, then callgetSerial()
.DNS privacy
Apps targeting Android 9 should honor the private DNS APIs. In particular,apps should ensure that, if the system resolver is doing DNS-over-TLS, anybuilt-in DNS client either uses encrypted DNS to the same hostname as thesystem, or is disabled in favor of the system resolver.
Framework security changes
Android 9 includes several behavior changes that improve yourapp's security, but these changes take effect only if your app targets API level28 or higher.
Network TLS enabled by default
If your app targets Android 9 or higher, the
isCleartextTrafficPermitted()
method returns false
by default. If your app needs to enable cleartext forspecific domains, you must explicitly set cleartextTrafficPermitted
to true
for those domains in your app's Network SecurityConfiguration.Web-based data directories separated by process
In order to improve app stability and data integrity in Android 9, apps cannotshare a single
WebView
datadirectory amongmultiple processes. Typically,such data directories store cookies, HTTP caches, and other persistent andtemporary storage related to web browsing.In most cases, your app should use classes from the
android.webkit
package, suchas WebView
andCookieManager
, in only oneprocess. For example, you should move allActivity
objects that use a WebView
into the same process. You can more strictly enforce the 'one process only' ruleby callingdisableWebView()
inyour app's other processes. This call prevents WebView
from being initializedin those other processes by mistake, even if it's being called from a dependentlibrary.![Org Apache Http Legacy Jar Download For Android Org Apache Http Legacy Jar Download For Android](/uploads/1/3/3/8/133896967/243246919.png)
If your app must use instances of
Note: Even if you use WebView
in more than one process,you must assign a unique data directory suffix for each process, using theWebView.setDataDirectorySuffix()
method, before using a given instance of WebView
in that process. This methodplaces web data from each process in its own directory within your app's datadirectory.setDataDirectorySuffix()
, the system doesn't sharecookies and other web data across your app's process boundaries. If multipleprocesses in your app need access to the same web data, you need to copy itbetween those processes yourself. For example, you can callgetCookie()
andsetCookie()
to manually transfer cookie data from one process to another.Per-app SELinux domains
Apps that target Android 9 or higher cannot share data with other apps usingworld-accessible Unix permissions. This change improves the integrity of theAndroid Application Sandbox,particularly the requirement that an app'sprivate data is accessibleonly by that app.
To share files with other apps, use a contentprovider.
Connectivity changes
Connectivity data counting and multipath
Within apps that target Android 9 or higher, the system countsnetwork traffic on networksthat aren't the current default—such as cell traffic while the device is onWi-Fi—and provides methods in the
NetworkStatsManager
class to query for that traffic.In particular,
getMultipathPreference()
now returns a value based on the aforementioned network traffic. Beginning withAndroid 9, the method returns true
for cell data, but when more than a certain amount oftraffic accumulates in a day, it starts returning false
. Apps running onAndroid 9 must call the method and honor this hint.The
ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback
class now sends information about VPNs to apps. This change makes it much easierfor apps to listen for connectivity events without having to mix synchronous andasynchronous calls and using limited APIs. Additionally, it means thatinformation transfer works as expected when a device is connected to multipleWi-Fi networks or multiple cell networks simultaneously.Apache HTTP client deprecation
With Android 6.0,we removed support for the Apache HTTP client.Beginning with Android 9, that library is removed from thebootclasspath and is not available to apps by default.
To continue using the Apache HTTP client, apps that target Android 9 and abovecan add the following to their
Note: The AndroidManifest.xml
:android:required='false'
attribute is required for apps that have aminimum SDK of 23 or lower, because on devices with API levels lower than 24,the org.apache.http.legacy
library is not available. (On those devices, theApache HTTP classes are available on the bootclasspath.)As an alternative to using the runtime Apache library, apps can bundle theirown version of the
org.apache.http
library in their APK. If you do this,you must repackage the library (with a utility likeJar Jar) to avoid class compatibility issueswith the classes provided in the runtime.UI changes
View focus
Views with 0 area (either a width or a height is 0) are no longer focusable.
Additionally, activities no longer implicitly assign initial focus intouch-mode. Instead, it is up to you to explicitly request initial focus, ifdesired.
CSS RGBA hex value handling
Apps that target Android 9 or higher must enable the draftCSS Color Module Level 4behaviour for handling 4 and 8 hex digit CSS colors.
CSS Color Module Level 4has been supported by Chrome since release 52, butWebView currently disables the featurebecause existing Android applications were found to contain 32 bit hex colorsin the Android ordering (ARGB), which would cause rendering errors.
For example, the color
#80ff8080
is currently rendered inWebView as opaquelight red (#ff8080
) for apps targeting API levels 27 or lower. The leadingcomponent (which would be interpreted by Android as the alpha component) iscurrently ignored. If an app targets API level 28 or higher, #80ff8080
isinterpreted as 50% transparent light green (#80ff80
).MIME type sniffing for file: URIs
Android versions earlier than Android 9 could infer MIME types from the filecontents. Starting with Android 9 (API level 28) apps must use thecorrect file extension when loading
file:
URIs in aWebView.Using the file contents to infer MIME types can be a source of security bugs,and this is not generally permitted by modern browsers.
If a file has a recognized file extension such as
.html
,.txt
, .js
, or .css
the MIME type will be determined by the extension.If a file has no extension or an unrecognized one, the MIME type will be plaintext.For example, a URI like
file:///sdcard/test.html
will be rendered asHTML, but a URI like file:///sdcard/test
will render as plain text,even if the file contains HTML data.Document scrolling element
Android 9 properly handles the case where a document's rootelement is the scrolling element.On earlier versions, scrolling position was set on the body element, andthe root element had zero scroll values. Android 9 enables thestandards-compliant behaviour where the scrolling element is the rootelement.
Furthermore, directly accessing
document.body.scrollTop
, document.body.scrollLeft
,document.documentElement.scrollTop
or document.documentElement.scrollLeft
will behave differently depending on target SDK. To access viewport scrollvalues, use document.scrollingElement
, if available.Notifications from suspended apps
Prior to Android 9, notifications from suspended apps were canceled.Beginning with Android 9, notifications from suspended apps are hidden untilthe app is resumed. Diner dash games free download.
The Android Developer Challenge is back! Submit your idea before December 2.
Along with new features and capabilities, Android 6.0 (API level 23) includes a variety ofsystem changes and API behavior changes. This document highlightssome of the key changes that you should understand and account for in your apps.
If you have previously published an app for Android, be aware that these changes in theplatform affect your app.
Runtime Permissions
This release introduces a new permissions model, where users can now directly manageapp permissions at runtime. This model gives users improved visibility and control overpermissions, while streamlining the installation and auto-update processes for app developers.Users can grant or revoke permissions individually for installed apps.
On your apps that target Android 6.0 (API level 23) or higher, make sure to check for and requestpermissions at runtime. To determine if your app has been granted a permission, call thenew
checkSelfPermission()
method. To request a permission, call the newrequestPermissions()
method. Even if your app is not targeting Android 6.0 (API level 23), you should test your app underthe new permissions model.For details on supporting the new permissions model in your app, seeWorking with System Permissions. For tips on how to assess the impact on your app,see Permissions Usage Notes.
Doze and App Standby
This release introduces new power-saving optimizations for idle devices and apps. Thesefeatures affect all apps so make sure to test your apps in these new modes.
- Doze: If a user unplugs a device and leaves it stationary, with its screen off,for a period of time, the device goes into Doze mode, where it attempts to keep the systemin a sleep state. In this mode, devices periodically resume normal operations for brief periods oftime so that app syncing can occur and the system can perform any pending operations.
- App Standby: App Standby allows the system to determine that an app is idlewhen the user is not actively using it. The system makes this determination when the user does nottouch the app for a certain period of time. If the device is unplugged, the system disables networkaccess and suspends syncs and jobs for the apps it deems idle.
To learn more about these power-saving changes, seeOptimizing for Doze and App Standby.
Apache HTTP Client Removal
Android 6.0 release removes support for the Apache HTTP client. If your app is using this client andtargets Android 2.3 (API level 9) or higher, use the
HttpURLConnection
classinstead. This API is more efficient because it reduces network use through transparent compressionand response caching, and minimizes power consumption. To continue using the Apache HTTP APIs, youmust first declare the following compile-time dependency in your build.gradle
file:BoringSSL
Android is moving away from OpenSSL to theBoringSSLlibrary. If you’re using the Android NDK in your app, don't link against cryptographic librariesthat are not a part of the NDK API, such as
libcrypto.so
and libssl.so
. Theselibraries are not public APIs, and may change or break without notice across releases and devices.In addition, you may expose yourself to security vulnerabilities. Instead, modify yournative code to call the Java cryptography APIs via JNI or to statically link against acryptography library of your choice.Access to Hardware Identifier
To provide users with greater data protection, starting in this release, Androidremoves programmatic access to the device’s local hardware identifier forapps using the Wi-Fi and Bluetooth APIs. The
WifiInfo.getMacAddress()
and theBluetoothAdapter.getAddress()
methodsnow return a constant value of 02:00:00:00:00:00
.To access the hardware identifiers of nearby external devices via Bluetooth and Wi-Fi scans,your app must now have the
ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
orACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION
permissions:Note: When a device running Android 6.0 (API level 23) initiates abackground Wi-Fi or Bluetooth scan, the operation is visible to external devices asoriginating from a randomized MAC address.
Notifications
This release removes the
Notification.setLatestEventInfo()
method. Use theNotification.Builder
class instead to construct notifications. To update anotification repeatedly, reuse the Notification.Builder
instance. Call thebuild()
method to getupdated Notification
instances.The
adb shell dumpsys notification
command no longer prints out your notification text.Use the adb shell dumpsys notification --noredact
command instead to print out the textin a notification object.AudioManager Changes
Setting the volume directly or muting specific streams via the
AudioManager
class is no longer supported. The setStreamSolo()
method is deprecated, and you should call therequestAudioFocus()
method instead. Similarly, thesetStreamMute()
method isdeprecated; instead, call the adjustStreamVolume()
method and pass in the direction valueADJUST_MUTE
orADJUST_UNMUTE
.Text Selection
When users select text in your app, you can now display text selection actions such asCut, Copy, and Paste in afloating toolbar. The user interaction implementation is similar to thatfor the contextual action bar, as described inEnabling the contextual action mode for individual views.
To implement a floating toolbar for text selection, make the following changes in your existingapps:
- In your
View
orActivity
object, change yourActionMode
calls fromstartActionMode(Callback)
tostartActionMode(Callback, ActionMode.TYPE_FLOATING)
. - Take your existing implementation of
ActionMode.Callback
and make it extendActionMode.Callback2
instead. - Override the
onGetContentRect()
method to provide the coordinates of the contentRect
object(such as a text selection rectangle) in the view. - If the rectangle positioning is no longer valid, and this is the only element to be invalidated,call the
invalidateContentRect()
method.
If you are using Android Support Library revision 22.2, be aware that floating toolbars are notbackward-compatible and appcompat takes control over
ActionMode
objects bydefault. This prevents floating toolbars from being displayed. To enableActionMode
support in anAppCompatActivity
, callgetDelegate()
, then callsetHandleNativeActionModesEnabled()
on the returnedAppCompatDelegate
object and set the inputparameter to false
. This call returns control of ActionMode
objects tothe framework. In devices running Android 6.0 (API level 23), that allows the framework to supportActionBar
or floating toolbar modes, while on devices runningAndroid 5.1 (API level 22) or lower, only the ActionBar
modes aresupported.Browser Bookmark Changes
This release removes support for global bookmarks. The
android.provider.Browser.getAllBookmarks()
and android.provider.Browser.saveBookmark()
methods are now removed. Likewise, the READ_HISTORY_BOOKMARKS
and WRITE_HISTORY_BOOKMARKS
permissions are removed. If your app targets Android 6.0 (API level 23) or higher, don't accessbookmarks from the global provider or use the bookmark permissions. Instead, your app should storebookmarks data internally.Android Keystore Changes
With this release, theAndroid Keystore provider no longer supportsDSA. ECDSA is still supported.
Keys which do not require encryption at rest will no longer be deleted when secure lock screenis disabled or reset (for example, by the user or a Device Administrator). Keys which requireencryption at rest will be deleted during these events.
Wi-Fi and Networking Changes
This release introduces the following behavior changes to the Wi-Fi and networking APIs.
- Your apps can now change the state of
WifiConfiguration
objects onlyif you created these objects. You are not permitted to modify or deleteWifiConfiguration
objects created by the user or by other apps. - Previously, if an app forced the device to connect to a specific Wi-Fi network by using
enableNetwork()
with thedisableAllOthers=true
setting, the device disconnected from other networks such ascellular data. In This release, the device no longer disconnects from such other networks. Ifyour app’stargetSdkVersion
is“20”
or lower, it is pinned to the selectedWi-Fi network. If your app’stargetSdkVersion
is“21”
or higher, use themultinetwork APIs (such asopenConnection()
,bindSocket()
, and the newbindProcessToNetwork()
method) to ensure that its network traffic is sent on the selected network.
Camera Service Changes
In This release, the model for accessing shared resources in the camera service has been changedfrom the previous “first come, first serve” access model to an access model where high-priorityprocesses are favored. Changes to the service behavior include:
Java
- Access to camera subsystem resources, including opening and configuring a camera device, isawarded based on the “priority” of the client application process. Application processes withuser-visible or foreground activities are generally given a higher-priority, making camera resourceacquisition and use more dependable.
- Active camera clients for lower priority apps may be “evicted” when a higher priorityapplication attempts to use the camera. In the deprecated
Camera
API,this results inonError()
beingcalled for the evicted client. In theCamera2
API, it results inonDisconnected()
being called for the evicted client. - On devices with appropriate camera hardware, separate application processes are able toindependently open and use separate camera devices simultaneously. However, multi-process usecases, where simultaneous access causes significant degradation of performance or capabilities ofany of the open camera devices, are now detected and disallowed by the camera service. This changemay result in “evictions” for lower priority clients even when no other app is directlyattempting to access the same camera device.
- Changing the current user causes active camera clients in apps owned by the previous user accountto be evicted. Access to the camera is limited to user profiles owned by the current device user.In practice, this means that a “Guest” account, for example, will not be able to leave runningprocesses that use the camera subsystem when the user has switched to a different account.
Runtime
The ART runtime now properly implements access rules for the
newInstance()
method. Thischange fixes a problem where Dalvik was checking access rules incorrectly in previous versions.If your app uses thenewInstance()
method and youwant to override access checks, call thesetAccessible()
method with the inputparameter set to true
. If your app uses thev7 appcompat library or thev7 recyclerview library,you must update your app to use to the latest versions of these libraries. Otherwise, make sure thatany custom classes referenced from XML are updated so that their class constructors are accessible.This release updates the behavior of the dynamic linker. The dynamic linker now understands thedifference between a library’s
soname
and its path(public bug 6670), and search by soname
is nowimplemented. Apps which previously worked that have bad DT_NEEDED
entries(usually absolute paths on the build machine’s file system) may fail when loaded.The
dlopen(3) RTLD_LOCAL
flag is now correctly implemented. Note thatRTLD_LOCAL
is the default, so calls to dlopen(3)
that didn’t explicitly useRTLD_LOCAL
will be affected (unless your app explicitly used RTLD_GLOBAL
). WithRTLD_LOCAL
, symbols will not be made available to libraries loaded by later calls todlopen(3)
(as opposed to being referenced by DT_NEEDED
entries).On previous versions of Android, if your app requested the system to load a shared library withtext relocations, the system displayed a warning but still allowed the library to be loaded.Beginning in this release, the system rejects this library if your app's target SDK version is 23or higher. To help you detect if a library failed to load, your app should log the
dlopen(3)
failure, and include the problem description text that the dlerror(3)
call returns. To learn more about handling text relocations, see thisguide.APK Validation
Org Apache Http Legacy Jar Download For Android Windows 7
The platform now performs stricter validation of APKs. An APK is considered corrupt if a file isdeclared in the manifest but not present in the APK itself. An APK must be re-signed if any of thecontents are removed.
USB Connection
Device connections through the USB port are now set to charge-only mode by default. To accessthe device and its content over a USB connection, users must explicitly grant permission for suchinteractions. If your app supports user interactions with the device over a USB port, take intoconsideration that the interaction must be explicitly enabled.
Org.apache.http.legacy.jar Download
Android for Work Changes
This release includes the following behavior changes for Android for Work:
Org Apache Http Legacy Jar Download For Android Phone
- Work contacts in personal contexts. The Google DialerCall Log now displays work contacts when the user views past calls.Setting
setCrossProfileCallerIdDisabled()
totrue
hides the work profile contacts in the Google Dialer Call Log. Work contacts can bedisplayed along with personal contacts to devices over Bluetooth only ifyou setsetBluetoothContactSharingDisabled()
tofalse
. By default, it is set totrue
. - Wi-Fi configuration removal: Wi-Fi configurations added by a Profile Owner(for example, through calls to the
addNetwork()
method) are now removed if that work profile is deleted. - Wi-Fi configuration lockdown: Any Wi-Fi configuration created by an active Device Owner can no longer be modified or deleted by the user if
WIFI_DEVICE_OWNER_CONFIGS_LOCKDOWN
is non-zero. The user can still create and modify their own Wi-Fi configurations. Active Device Owners have the privilege of editing or removing any Wi-Fi configurations, including those not created by them. - Download device policy controller via Google account addition: When a Googleaccount that requires management via a device policy controller (DPC) app is added to a deviceoutside of a managed context, the add account flow now prompts the user to install theappropriate WPC. This behavior also applies to accounts added viaSettings > Accounts and in the initial device setup wizard.
- Changes to specific
DevicePolicyManager
API behaviors:- Calling the
setCameraDisabled()
method affects the camera for the calling user only; calling it from the managed profile doesn’taffect camera apps running on the primary user. - In addition, the
setKeyguardDisabledFeatures()
method is now available for Profile Owners, as well as to Device Owners. - A Profile Owner can set these keyguard restrictions:
KEYGUARD_DISABLE_TRUST_AGENTS
andKEYGUARD_DISABLE_FINGERPRINT
, which affect the keyguard settings for the profile’s parent user.KEYGUARD_DISABLE_UNREDACTED_NOTIFICATIONS
, which only affects notifications generated by applications in the managed profile.
- The
DevicePolicyManager.createAndInitializeUser()
andDevicePolicyManager.createUser()
methods have been deprecated. - The
setScreenCaptureDisabled()
method now also blocks the assist structure when an app of the given user is in the foreground. EXTRA_PROVISIONING_DEVICE_ADMIN_PACKAGE_CHECKSUM
now defaults to SHA-256. SHA-1 is still supported for backwards compatibility but will be removedin future.EXTRA_PROVISIONING_DEVICE_ADMIN_SIGNATURE_CHECKSUM
now only accepts SHA-256.- Device initializer APIs which existed in the Android 6.0 (API level 23) are now removed.
EXTRA_PROVISIONING_RESET_PROTECTION_PARAMETERS
is removed so NFC bumpprovisioning cannot programmatically unlock a factory reset protected device.- You can now use the
EXTRA_PROVISIONING_ADMIN_EXTRAS_BUNDLE
extra to pass data to the device owner app during NFC provisioning of the managed device. - Android for Work APIs are optimized for M runtime permissions, including Work profiles,assist layer, and others. New
DevicePolicyManager
permission APIs don'taffect pre-M apps. - When users back out of the synchronous part of the setup flow initiated through an
ACTION_PROVISION_MANAGED_PROFILE
orACTION_PROVISION_MANAGED_DEVICE
intent, the systemnow returns aRESULT_CANCELED
result code.
- Calling the
- Changes to other APIs:
- Data Usage: The
android.app.usage.NetworkUsageStats
class has been renamedNetworkStats
.
- Data Usage: The
- Changes to global settings:
- These settings can no longer be set via
setGlobalSettings()
:BLUETOOTH_ON
DEVELOPMENT_SETTINGS_ENABLED
MODE_RINGER
NETWORK_PREFERENCE
WIFI_ON
- These global settings can now be set via
setGlobalSettings()
:
- These settings can no longer be set via